Icya mbere: Icya mbere, igipimo cy’ibiciro by’Ubushinwa kuri Kanada cyaragabanutse

Nk’uko ibiro by’uhagarariye ubucuruzi muri Amerika (USTR) bibitangaza ngo amahoro y’Amerika ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu Bushinwa akurikiza impinduka zikurikira:

Igiciro kuri miliyari 250 z'amadolari y'ibicuruzwa (miliyari 34 $ + miliyari 16 $ + miliyari 200 $) ntigihinduka kuri 25%;

Amahoro kuri miliyari 300 z'amadolari y'ibicuruzwa byashyizwe ku rutonde yagabanutse kuva kuri 15% kugeza kuri 7.5% (bitarakurikizwa);

Miliyari 300 $ B urutonde rwibicuruzwa (bikora).

Babiri: Ubusambo hamwe nimpimbano kurubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi

Amasezerano yerekana ko Ubushinwa na Amerika bigomba gushimangira ubufatanye mu kurwanya no kugiti cyabo kurwanya piratage n’impimbano ku masoko ya e-bucuruzi.Impande zombi zigomba kugabanya inzitizi zishoboka kugirango abakiriya babone ibyangombwa byemewe n'amategeko mugihe gikwiye kandi barebe ko ibyemewe n'amategeko birindwa nuburenganzira, kandi icyarimwe, bigatanga amategeko yubahiriza urubuga rwa e-bucuruzi kugirango bigabanye ubujura n’impimbano.

Ubushinwa bugomba gutanga uburyo bwo kubahiriza uburenganzira bw’abafite uburenganzira bwo gufata ingamba zihamye kandi zihuse zo kurwanya ihohoterwa rikorerwa kuri interineti, harimo no kubimenyesha no gukuraho sisitemu, kugira ngo bikemuke.Ku mbuga zikomeye za e-ubucuruzi zananiwe gufata ingamba zikenewe zo gukemura ikibazo cy’ihohoterwa ry’umutungo bwite mu bwenge, impande zombi zigomba gufata ingamba zihamye zo kurwanya ikwirakwizwa ry’ibicuruzwa byiganano cyangwa ibisambo ku mbuga.

Ubushinwa bugomba gutegeka ko urubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi rwananiwe kugabanya kugurisha ibicuruzwa byiganano cyangwa piratage bishobora kwamburwa uburenganzira bwabo kumurongo.Amerika irimo kwiga izindi ngamba zo kurwanya igurishwa ryibicuruzwa byiganano cyangwa piratage.

Kurwanya ubujura bwa interineti

1. Ubushinwa buzatanga amategeko yubahiriza amategeko kugira ngo abafite uburenganzira bafate ingamba zihuse kandi zihuse zo kurwanya ihohoterwa rikorerwa kuri interineti, harimo no kubimenyesha no gukuraho sisitemu, kugira ngo bakemure amakosa.

2. Ubushinwa bugomba: (一) gusaba gukuraho bidatinze ububiko;

(二) gusonerwa inshingano zo gutanga integuza yo gukuraho nabi muburyo bwiza;

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3. Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zemeza ko inzira zubahirizwa zubahirizwa muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zemerera nyirubwite gufata ingamba zo kurwanya ihohoterwa ryibidukikije.

4. Ababuranyi bemeye gutekereza ku bufatanye bukwiye mu kurwanya ihohoterwa rya interineti. +

Kurengana kumurongo wingenzi wa e-ubucuruzi

1. Ku mbuga nini za e-ubucuruzi zananiwe gufata ingamba zikenewe zo gukosora ihohoterwa ry'uburenganzira ku mutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge, impande zombi zigomba gufata ingamba zihamye zo kurwanya ubwinshi bw’ibicuruzwa byiganano cyangwa ibisambo ku mbuga.

2. Ubushinwa bugomba kwemeza ko urubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi rwananiwe guhagarika igurishwa ryibicuruzwa byiganano cyangwa piratage bishobora kwamburwa uruhushya rwo kumurongo.

3. Amerika yemeza ko Amerika irimo kwiga izindi ngamba zo kurwanya igurishwa ryibicuruzwa byiganano cyangwa piratage.

Gukora no kohereza ibicuruzwa bya pirate kandi byiganano

Ubusambo no kwigana byangiza cyane inyungu zabaturage n’abafite uburenganzira mu Bushinwa no muri Amerika.Impande zombi zigomba gufata ingamba zihamye kandi zifatika zo gukumira umusaruro no gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa byiganano n’ibisambo, harimo n’ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima rusange cyangwa ku mutekano bwite.

Senya ibicuruzwa byiganano

1. Ku bijyanye n’ingamba z’umupaka, ababuranyi bateganya:

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(二) ntibihagije gukuraho ikirango cyibinyoma kitemewe n'amategeko kugirango ibicuruzwa byinjire mubucuruzi;

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2. Ku bijyanye n’imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, ababuranyi bateganya:

(一) bisabwe na nyir'uburenganzira, ibicuruzwa byagaragaye ko ari impimbano cyangwa piratage, keretse mu bihe bidasanzwe, bizasenywa;

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(三) kuvanaho ikirango cyibihimbano bitemewe n'amategeko ntibihagije kugirango ibicuruzwa byinjire mubucuruzi;

(四) ishami ry’ubucamanza, bisabwe na nyirubwite, ritegeka nyir'impimbano kwishyura umwenda inyungu zikomoka ku ihohoterwa cyangwa indishyi zihagije kugira ngo yishyure igihombo cyatewe n'ihohoterwa.

3. Ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwo kubahiriza amategeko mpanabyaha, ababuranyi bateganya ko:

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(三) uregwa ntashobora kwishyurwa muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo kwamburwa cyangwa gusenya;

(四) ishami ry’ubucamanza cyangwa izindi nzego zibishinzwe bagomba kubika urutonde rwibicuruzwa nibindi bikoresho bigomba gusenywa, kandi

Afite ubushishozi bwo gukiza by'agateganyo ibintu kugira ngo abungabunge ibimenyetso igihe nyir'ubwite amumenyesheje ko yifuza kurega uregwa cyangwa uwabangamiye undi muntu.

4. Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zemeza ko ingamba ziriho muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zifata kimwe ibivugwa muriyi ngingo.

Icya gatatu: Ibikorwa byo kubahiriza imipaka

Muri ayo masezerano, impande zombi zigomba gushimangira ubufatanye mu kubahiriza amategeko kugira ngo igabanye ibicuruzwa by’impimbano n’ibisambo, harimo ibyoherezwa mu mahanga cyangwa ibicuruzwa.Ubushinwa bugomba kwibanda ku igenzura, gufatira, gufatira, kwambura ubuyobozi no gukoresha izindi nzego zishinzwe kubahiriza gasutamo mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga cyangwa kohereza ibicuruzwa by’ibihimbano ndetse n’ibisambo kandi bigakomeza kongera umubare w’abakozi bashinzwe kubahiriza amategeko.Mu ngamba zafatwa n'Ubushinwa harimo kongera amahugurwa agaragara ku bashinzwe kubahiriza gasutamo mu gihe cy'amezi icyenda aya masezerano atangiye gukurikizwa;Ongera cyane umubare wibikorwa byo kubahiriza mugihe cyamezi 3 uhereye igihe aya masezerano yatangiriye gukurikizwa no kuvugurura ibikorwa kumurongo buri gihembwe.

Bane ： ”ikirango kibi”

Mu rwego rwo gushimangira kurengera ibimenyetso by’ibicuruzwa, impande zombi zigomba kurinda byimazeyo kandi neza no kubahiriza uburenganzira bw’ibicuruzwa, cyane cyane kurwanya iyandikwa ry’ibicuruzwa bibi.

Icya gatanu: uburenganzira ku mutungo wubwenge

Ababuranyi bateganya uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo by’imbonezamubano n’ibihano mpanabyaha bihagije kugira ngo hirindwe ubujura cyangwa ihohoterwa ry’umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge.

Nk’ingamba z’agateganyo, Ubushinwa bugomba gukumira igikorwa cy’ubujura cyangwa guhonyora uburenganzira bw’umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge, kandi bugashimangira ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ubutabazi n’ibihano bihari, hakurikijwe amategeko abigenga bijyanye n’umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge, binyuze mu nzira yo kwegera cyangwa kugera kuri igihano kinini mu by'amategeko kizahabwa igihano kiremereye, kibuza ko igikorwa cyo kwiba cyangwa guhonyora uburenganzira ku mutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge, kimwe n'ingamba zo gukurikirana, bigomba kunoza indishyi ziteganijwe n'amategeko, igifungo n'ihazabu ntarengwa kandi ntarengwa, kugeza gukumira igikorwa cyo kwiba cyangwa guhonyora uburenganzira bwumutungo wubwenge mugihe kizaza.