Emva kokuba "uMvulo oMnyama" kwiimarike zehlabathi, iUnited States, iYurophu kunye neJapan ziceba ukuzisa amanyathelo okuvuselela uqoqosho ngakumbi, ukusuka kumgaqo-nkqubo wezemali ukuya kumgaqo-nkqubo wezemali ubekwe kwi-ajenda, kwi-ajenda entsha yokuvuselela uqoqosho ukuxhathisa imingcipheko ephantsi. Abahlalutyi bathi imeko yangoku yezoqoqosho kunye neyemali inzima kakhulu kunokuba ilindelwe kwaye ifuna amanyathelo amaninzi kaxakeka. Thina, iYurophu kunye neJapan ziqwalasela umjikelo omtsha wezicwangciso zokuvuselela uqoqosho

Thina siya konyusa uvuselelo lwezoqoqosho

Umongameli wase-US uDonald Trump uthe ngoLwesibini uza kuxoxa nenkongolo "ebaluleke kakhulu" yokucuthwa kwerhafu yokurhola kunye namanye amanyathelo ebheyile kunye nothotho lwamanyathelo oqoqosho abalulekileyo ukuxhasa amashishini kunye nabantu abethwe kukuqhambuka kwenyumoniya kunye nokuzinzisa uqoqosho lwethu.

Ngokwengxelo kwiwebhusayithi ye-politico, uMongameli wase-US uDonald Trump uxoxe ngamanyathelo okuvuselela imali kunye ne-White House kunye namagosa aphezulu kaNondyebo emva kwemini kaSeptemba 9. Ukongeza ekufuneni imvume ye-congressional yokunciphisa irhafu yokuhlawula irhafu, ukhetho oluthathwa njengolubandakanya ikhefu elihlawulelwayo kumaqela athile abasebenzi, ibheyile kumashishini amancinci kunye nenkxaso yemali kumashishini ahlaselwe kuqhambuko. Amanye amagosa ezoqoqosho nawo anikezele ngoncedo kwiindawo ezinengxaki.

Abacebisi be-White House kunye namagosa ezoqoqosho bachithe iintsuku ezili-10 ezidlulileyo behlola iinketho zomgaqo-nkqubo ukujongana nefuthe lokuqhambuka, imithombo yathi. Imarike yemasheya eNew York yawa ngaphezu kweepesenti ze-7 ekuseni ngaphambi kokubetha umda we-7 ekhulwini, ibangele i-breaker circuit. Ingxelo kaTrump iphawula utshintsho kwisikhundla solawulo malunga nesidingo sokuvuselela uqoqosho, iBloomberg ibike.

I-federal reserve iphinde yathumela enye impawu yokuvuselela ngomhla we-9, ngokunyusa umlinganiselo wemisebenzi ye-repo yexesha elifutshane ukugcina ukusebenza kweemarike zezemali zexesha elifutshane.

Ibhanki yokugcinwa kwezimali yaseNew York ithe iyakwandisa ukusebenza kwayo ngobusuku kunye ne-14-day repo ukuze ihlangabezane nemfuno ekhulayo evela kumaziko emali kwaye ithintele uxinzelelo olungakumbi kwiiBhanki zase-US kunye neenkampani.

Kwisiteyitimenti, ithe utshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo we-fed lwenzelwe "ukunceda ukuxhasa ukusebenza kakuhle kweemalike zenkxaso-mali njengoko abathathi-nxaxheba bezentengiso bephumeza iinkqubo zokuqina kweshishini ukuphendula ngokuqhambuka."

Ikomiti yemarike evulekileyo ye-fed kwiveki ephelileyo inqumle i-benchmark federal funds rate ngesiqingatha sepesenti yepesenti, ibeka uluhlu olujoliswe kuyo ukuya kwi-1% ukuya kwi-1.25%. Intlanganiso elandelayo ye-fed icwangciselwe i-18 kaMatshi, kwaye abatyali-mali balindele ukuba ibhanki ephakathi iphinde icuthe amaxabiso kwakhona, mhlawumbi kungekudala.

I-EU ixoxa ngokuvula ifestile yenkxaso-mali

Amagosa aseYurophu kunye nezifundiswa ziya zixhalaba ngakumbi malunga nefuthe lokuqhambuka, besithi lo mmandla usemngciphekweni wokudodobala koqoqosho kwaye uthembisa ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza ngamanyathelo okuvuselela uqoqosho.

Intloko yeZiko le-Ifo lophando lwezoqoqosho (i-Ifo) uxelele umsasazi waseJamani i-SWR ngoMvulo ukuba uqoqosho lwaseJamani lunokwehla ngenxa yokuqhambuka kwaye wacela urhulumente waseJamani ukuba enze okungakumbi.

Ngapha koko, urhulumente waseJamani wabhengeza uthotho lwenkxaso-mali kunye namanyathelo okuvuselela uqoqosho nge-9 ka-Epreli, kubandakanya nokuphumzwa kwenkxaso-mali yabasebenzi kunye nokonyuka kwenkxaso-mali yabasebenzi abachatshazelwe kukuqhambuka. Imigangatho emitsha iya kuqala ukusebenza ukusuka nge-1 ka-Epreli kwaye iqhubeke kude kube sekupheleni kwalo nyaka. Urhulumente ukwathembise ngokudibanisa abameli bemizi-mveliso emikhulu yaseJamani kunye nemibutho yabasebenzi ukuze benze amanyathelo okubonelela ngenkxaso yemali kwezona nkampani zichaphazeleke kakhulu kwaye kudambise imiqobo yazo yenkxaso-mali. Ngokwahlukileyo, urhulumente uthathe isigqibo sokunyusa utyalo-mali nge-3.1bn ngonyaka ukusuka kwi-2021 ukuya kwi-2024, iyonke ye-12.4bn yezigidigidi kwiminyaka emine, njengenxalenye yephakheji ye-stimulus ebanzi.

Amanye amazwe aseYurophu nawo azama ukuzisindisa. 9 Umphathiswa wezemali wase-France kunye nomphathiswa wezemali u-Le Maire uthi, bechatshazelwe kukuqhambuka, ukukhula koqoqosho lwase-France kunokwehla ngaphantsi kwe-1% ngo-2020, urhulumente wase-France uza kuthatha amanye amanyathelo okuxhasa ishishini, kubandakanya nemvume erhoxisiweyo yentlawulo ye-inshurensi yentlalontle, ukucuthwa kwerhafu, ukomeleza ibhanki yesizwe yaseFransi yotyalo-mali kumashishini amancinci naphakathi, uncedo lwesizwe kunye namanye amanyathelo. I-Slovenia ibhengeze iphakheji ye-euro ye-1 yebhiliyoni yokuvuselela ukunciphisa impembelelo kumashishini.

IManyano yaseYurophu nayo ilungiselela ukuhambisa iphakheji entsha yokuvuselela. Iinkokeli ze-Eu kungekudala ziza kubamba umnxeba ongxamisekileyo ukuxoxa ngempendulo edibeneyo kwesi sifo, amagosa athi ngoLwesine. IKhomishini yaseYurophu ithathela ingqalelo zonke iinketho zokuxhasa uqoqosho kunye nokuvavanya iimeko ezinokunika oorhulumente ukuba babe bhetyebhetye ekuboneleleni ngenkxaso-mali yoluntu kumashishini athwaxwe sesi sifo, utshilo uMongameli weKhomishini uMartin von der Leyen kwangolo suku lunye.

Umgaqo-nkqubo wemali kunye nezezimali waseJapan uya kuqiniswa

Njengoko imarike yemasheya yaseJapan ingena kwimarike yebhere yobugcisa, amagosa athi akulungele ukuzisa imigaqo-nkqubo emitsha yokuvuselela ukuthintela ukoyikeka okugqithisileyo kwemarike kunye nokudodobala koqoqosho ngakumbi.

Inkulumbuso yaseJapan uShinto Abe uthe ngoLwesine ukuba urhulumente waseJapan akazukuthandabuza ukuphumeza onke amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukujongana nemiba yezempilo yoluntu jikelele, ingxelo yeendaba zangaphandle.

Urhulumente waseJapan uceba ukuchitha i-430.8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola (iibhiliyoni ezi-4.129 zeedola) kwizambuku zesibini zokuphendula kolu qhushululu, imithombo emibini karhulumente enolwazi oluthe ngqo ngale meko ixelele iReuters ngoLwesine. Urhulumente ukwaceba ukuthatha amanyathelo emali efikelela kwi-1.6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola (i-15.334 yeebhiliyoni zeedola) ukuxhasa inkxaso-mali yeshishini, imithombo yatsho.

Kwintetho, i-bhanki yaseJapan irhuluneli u-Hirohito Kuroda wagxininisa ukuba ibhanki ephakathi iya kwenza ngaphandle kokungabaza ngokuhambelana nomgaqo wokuziphatha ochazwe kwingxelo yangaphambili ukuphumeza ukuzinza kweemarike njengoko ukungaqiniseki malunga noqoqosho lwaseJapan lukhula, ukuzithemba kwabatyali-mali kuyancipha kwaye imarike ihamba ngokungazinzi.

Uninzi lwabezoqoqosho lulindele ukuba iBhanki yaseJapan yonyuse uvuselelo kwintlanganiso yayo yomgaqo-mali kule nyanga ngelixa ishiya inzala ingatshintshwanga, ngokophando.